Sensor selection in ground related measurement
| Measuring item | Instruments | Type | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rigidity of fill, ground and small asphalt paving | Small FWD | FWD-Light | Fill |
| Rebound and settlement amount of ground | Multi-layer inclinometers | KLC | Excavation and fill |
| Moving (sliding) amount of grond surface | Extensometers | KLG/NKLG | Landslide observation |
| Settlement in the inside of ground | Settlement meters | KLA/NKLA | Tunnel construction |
| Bedrock displacement | Bedrock displacement transducers | KLB | Landslide observation Tunnel construction |
| Bedrock displacement | Rockbolt axial force transducers | KRC-A | Landslide observation Tunnel construction |
| Pore-water pressure in soil and seepage pressure in bedrock | Pore pressure gauges | KP series | |
| Pore-water pressure and side wall pressure in soil | Soil pressure gauges | KD series | |
| Inclination in ground | Inclinometers (Multi-layer, in-place and embedment) |
KB series (multi-layer) KB series (in-place) KB series (embedment) |
|
| Minute displacement between two points 1 - 10m apart | microcreep meter | KH series | Tunnel construction |
